Learning SAS

This blog contains some basic SAS commands and their application, along with the output . The problems have been picked up from the book "Learning SAS by Example: A Programmer's Guide"  - Chapter 7 onwards. All the programs have been saved in the library a16. Let's begin..

*Setting up the library

libname a16 "/folders/myshortcuts/myfolder/iSAS/a15016";

Chapter 7 - Problems 1;

data a16.a16_school;   

 length    Quiz $ 1;

 input Age Quiz $ Midterm Final; 

  

 *Using IF and ELSE IF statements, compute two new variables as follows: 

 Grade (numeric), with a value of 6 if Age is 12 and a value of 8 if Age is 13;

  if Age = 12 then Grade = 6;

 else if Age = 13 then Grade = 8;

 *The quiz grades have numerical equivalents as follows: A = 95, B = 85, C = 75,  D = 70, and F = 65;

 if Quiz = 'A' then Quiz_eq = 95;

 else if Quiz = 'B' then Quiz_eq = 85;

 else if Quiz = 'C' then Quiz_eq = 75;

 else if Quiz = 'D' then Quiz_eq = 70;

 else if Quiz = 'F' then quiz_eq = 65;

 *Compute a course grade (Course) as a weighted average of the 

 Quiz (20%), Midterm (30%) and Final (50%);

 Course = (.2*Quiz_eq + .3*Midterm + .5*Final);

  

 datalines;   

 12 A 92 95   

 12 B 88 88   

 13 C 78 75   

 13 A 92 93   

 12 F 55 62   

 13 B 88 82   

 ;  

 proc print data = a16.a16_school;

 run;

Output:

Learning:
Use of 'if then else' and computing a new variable.

Chapter 7 - Problems 2 ;

*Creating Data set HOSP;

 libname a16 "/folders/myshortcuts/myfolder/iSAS/a15016";

 data a16.a16_hosp;

   do j = 1 to 1000;

      AdmitDate = int(ranuni(1234)*1200 + 15500);

      quarter = intck('qtr','01jan2002'd,AdmitDate);

      do i = 1 to quarter;

         if ranuni(0) lt .1 and weekday(AdmitDate) eq 1 then

            AdmitDate = AdmitDate + 1;

         if ranuni(0) lt .1 and weekday(AdmitDate) eq 7 then

            AdmitDate = AdmitDate - int(3*ranuni(0) + 1);

         DOB = int(25000*Ranuni(0) + '01jan1920'd);

         DischrDate = AdmitDate + abs(10*rannor(0) + 1);

         Subject + 1;

         output;

      end;

   end;

   drop i j;

   format AdmitDate DOB DischrDate mmddyy10.;

run;

*Use PROC PRINT to list observations for Subject        

values of 5, 100, 150, and 200;

*Using In Operator;

proc print data = a16.a16_hosp;

WHERE Subject in (5 100 150 200);

run;

*Using OR Operator;

proc print data = a16.a16_hosp;

WHERE Subject = 5 OR Subject = 100 OR Subject = 150 OR Subject = 200;

run;

Output: The output remains the same in either case.

Learning
Use of OR and IN operator

Chapter 7 - Problems 4;

*Creating a subset of Sales with Region and TotalSales Variable;

Data a16.Sales_new (keep= Region TotalSales); 

set a16.Sales;

input Weight;

*Adding a new variable called Weight with values of 1.5 for the North Region, 

1.7 for the South Region, and 2.0 for the West and East Regions. Use a SELECT statement to do this;

Select;

  when (Region eq 'North') Weight = 1.5;

  when (Region eq 'South') Weight = 1.7;

  when (Region eq 'West') Weight = 2.0;

  when (Region eq 'East') Weight = 2.0;

otherwise;

end;

proc print data = a16.Sales_new;

run;

Output:

Learning
Use of SELECT statement

Chapter 8 - Problem 1;

*Creating a dataset named Vital;

data a16.a16_vitals;       

input ID : 3. Age Pulse SBP DBP;       

label SBP = "Systolic Blood Pressure"             

 DBP = "Diastolic Blood Pressure";    

datalines;    

001 23 68 120 80    

002 55 72 188 96    

003 78 82 200 100    

004 18 58 110 70    

005 43 52 120 82    

006 37 74 150 98    

007  . 82 140 100    

;  

proc print data = a16.a16_vitals;

run;

data a16.a16_newvitals;

set a16.a16_vitals;

if Age lt 50 then do;

if Pulse lt 70 then PulseGroup = 'Low';

else if Pulse ge 70 then PulseGroup = 'High';

If SBP lt 130 then SBPgroup = 'Low';

else if SBP ge 130 then SBPgroup = 'High';

End;

Output:

Chapter 8 - Problem 2;

data a16.a16_monthsales;       

 input month sales;

SumSales + sales;

 datalines;    

 1 4000 

 2 5000 

 3 . 

 4 5500 

 5 5000 

 6 6000 

 7 6500 

 8 4500    

 9 5100 

 10 5700 

 11 6500

 12 7500    

 ;

run;

proc print data = a16.a16_monthsales;

run;

Output:

Learning
Use of SUM Statement

Chapter 8 - Problem 4;

data a16.a16_missing;

input A $ B $ C $;

MissA = missing(A);

MissB = missing(B);

MissC = missing(C);

TotalMiss = MissA+MissB+MissC;

datalines;

X Y Z

X Y Y

Z Z Z

X X .

Y Z .

X . .

;

run;

proc print data = a16.a16_missing;

run;

Output:

Learning
USe of Missing function to count the number of missing values in a variable

Chapter 9 - Problem 1;

data a16.a16_dates;

input @1 subject $3.

@4 dob mmddyy10.

@14 visit date9.;

age=yrdif(dob,visit);

datalines;

00110/21/195011Nov2006

00201/02/195525May2005

00312/25/200525Dec2006

;

run;

proc print data = a16.a16_dates;

Output

Learning
Use of the Yrdif() function to find the difference between two years. Helpful in calculating the age sometimes.

Chapter 9 - Problem 2;

data a16.a16_threedates;

input @1 date1960_2006 mmddyy8.;

format date1960_2006 date9.;

datalines;

01/01/11

02/23/05

03/15/15

05/09/06

;

proc print data=a16.a16_threedates;

run;

Output

Chapter 9 - Problem 4;

data a16.a16_hosp;

do j = 1 to 1000;

AdmitDate = int(ranuni(1234)*1200 + 15500);

quarter = intck('qtr','01jan2002'd,AdmitDate);

do i = 1 to quarter;

if ranuni(0) lt .1 and weekday(AdmitDate) eq 1 then

AdmitDate = AdmitDate + 1;

if ranuni(0) lt .1 and weekday(AdmitDate) eq 7 then

AdmitDate = AdmitDate - int(3*ranuni(0) + 1);

DOB = int(25000*Ranuni(0) + '01jan1920'd);

DischrDate = AdmitDate + abs(10*rannor(0) + 1);

Subject + 1;

output;

end;

end;

drop i j;

format AdmitDate DOB DischrDate mmddyy10.;

run;

proc print data=a16.a16_hosp (obs=10);

run;

Output

Learning
Use of Ranuni( ) function to generate random numbers between 0 and 1

Chapter 10 - Problem 1;

data a16.a16_blood;

infile "/folders/myshortcuts/myfolder/iSAS/Datasets/blood.txt" truncover;

input Subject Gender $ BloodType $ AgeGroup $ WBC RBC Chol;

proc print data = a16.a16_blood (obs=5);

run;

Output

data a16.a16_subsetA;

set a16.a16_blood;

where Gender = "Female" and BloodType = "AB";

Combined = (0.001*WBC)+ RBC;

run;

proc print data = a16.a16_subsetA (obs=5);

run;

Output

data a16.a16_subsetB;

set a16.a16_blood;

where Gender = "Female" and BloodType = "AB" and (0.001*WBC)+ RBC ge 14;

Combined = (0.001*WBC)+ RBC;

run;

proc print data = a16.a16_subsetB(obs=5);

run; 

Output

Learning

Learnt how to create subsets using SET

Chapter 10 - Problem 2;

data a16.a16_monday2002;

set a16.a16_hosp;

day = weekday(AdmitDate);

year = year(AdmitDate);

age = yrdif(DOB, AdmitDate);

age = round(age);

if day ="2" and year = "2002";

run;

proc print data = a16.a16_monday2002;

run;

Output

Learning
Use if weekday( ), year( ) to extract days and year from a date and round( ) to round off a number

Chapter 10 - Problem 4;

data a16.a16_bicycles;

   input Country  & $25.

         Model    & $14.

         Manuf    : $10.

         Units    :   5.

         UnitCost :  comma8.;

   TotalSales = (Units * UnitCost) / 1000;

   format UnitCost TotalSales dollar10.;

   label TotalSales = "Sales in Thousands"

         Manuf = "Manufacturer";

datalines;

USA  Road Bike  Trek 5000 $2,200

USA  Road Bike  Cannondale 2000 $2,100

USA  Mountain Bike  Trek 6000 $1,200

USA  Mountain Bike  Cannondale 4000 $2,700

USA  Hybrid  Trek 4500 $650

France  Road Bike  Trek 3400 $2,500

France  Road Bike  Cannondale 900 $3,700

France  Mountain Bike  Trek 5600 $1,300

France  Mountain Bike  Cannondale  800 $1,899

France  Hybrid  Trek 1100 $540

United Kingdom  Road Bike  Trek 2444 $2,100

United Kingdom  Road Bike  Cannondale  1200 $2,123

United Kingdom  Hybrid  Trek 800 $490

United Kingdom  Hybrid  Cannondale 500 $880

United Kingdom  Mountain Bike  Trek 1211 $1,121

Italy  Hybrid  Trek 700 $690

Italy  Road Bike  Trek 4500  $2,890

Italy  Mountain Bike  Trek 3400  $1,877

;

run;

proc print data = a16.a16_bicycles (obs = 10);

run;

Output

data a16.a16_mountainUSA a16.a16_roadFrance;

set a16.a16_bicycles;

if Country eq "USA" and Model eq "Mountain Bike"

then output a16.a16_mountainUSA;

if Country eq "France" and Model eq "Road Bike"

then output a16.a16_roadFrance;

run;

proc print data = a16.a16_mountainUSA;

run;

Output

proc print data = a16.a16_roadFrance;

run;

Output

Chapter 11 - Problem 1;

data a16.a16_health;

   input Subj : $3.

         Height

         Weight;

datalines;

001 68 155

003 74 250

004 63 110

005 60 95

;

run;

data a16.a16_bmi (drop  = height weight);

set a16.a16_health;

weight_kg=height/2.2;

height_mts=height*.0254;

bmi=weight_kg/height_mts;

bmi_round=round(bmi,1);

bmi_tenth=round(bmi,.1);

bmi_group=round(bmi,5);

bmi_trunc=int(bmi);

;

run;

title "BMI";

proc print data=a16.a16_bmi;

run;

Output

Chapter 11 - Problem 2;

data a16.a16_miss;

set a16.a16_blood;

if missing(wbc) then missWBC+1;

if missing(rbc) then missRBC+1;

if missing(chol) then missCHOL+1;

run;

proc print data=a16.a16_miss (obs=10);

run;

Output

Chapter 11- Problem 3

data a16.a16_blood_miss;

set a16.a16_blood;

if missing(wbc) then call missing(age, rbc, chol);

run;

title "Missing Value";

proc print data=a16.a16_blood_miss (obs = 10);

run;

Output

Chapter 12 - Problem2;

*Data set MIXED;

data a16.a16_mixed;

   input Name & $20. ID;

datalines;

Daniel Fields  123

Patrice Helms  233

Thomas chien  998

;

data a16.a16_mixed1(drop = first last first1 first2 last1 last2 f l);

set a16.a16_mixed;

name_low=lowcase(name);

name_prop=propcase(name);

first=scan(name,1,' ');

last=scan(name,2,' ');

first1=upcase(substr(first,1,1));

first2=lowcase(substr(first,2));

f=trim(first1)||trim(first2);

last1=upcase(substr(last,1,1));

last2=lowcase(substr(last,2));

l=trim(last1)||trim(last2);

name_hard=catx(' ',f,l);

run;

title "Names";

proc print data=a16.a16_mixed1;

run;

Output

'

'

Learning

Use of lowcase( ) ad propcase( ) t0 convert letters to lowercase and proper case respectively

Chapter 12 - Problem 3;

*Data set NAMES_AND_MORE;

data a16.a16_names_and_more;

   input Name $20.

         Phone & $14.

         Height & $10.

         Mixed & $8.;

datalines;

Roger   Cody        (908)782-1234  5ft. 10in.  50 1/8

Thomas  Jefferson   (315) 848-8484  6ft. 1in.  23 1/2

Marco Polo          (800)123-4567  5Ft. 6in.  40

Brian Watson        (518)355-1766  5ft. 10in  89 3/4

Michael DeMarco     (445)232-2233  6ft.       76 1/3

;

proc print data=a16.a16_names_and_more;

run;

Output

data a16.a16_name_number;

set a16.a16_names_and_more;

name=compbl(propcase(name));

phone=compress(phone,'( ) -');

phone=input(phone,10.);

run;

title "Names and More";

proc print data=a16.a16_name_number;

run;

Output

Learning

Use of COMPBL( ) and COMPRESS( ) function. The former converts two or more blanks to a single blank; the latter removes blanks (default action) or characters that you specify from a character value 

Chapter 12 - Problem 4;

data a16.a16_height (drop = h1 h2 h3);

set a16.a16_names_and_more;

h1=compress(scan(height,1,' '),' ','kd');

h1=input(h1,10.);

h2=compress(scan(height,2,' '),' ','kd');

h2=input(h2,10.);

h3=h1*12;

Height_New=sum(h3,h2);

run;

title "Names and More";

proc print data=a16.a16_height;

run;

Output

Chapter 13 - Problem 2;

data a16.a16_survey2;

   input ID 

         (Q1-Q5)(1.);

datalines;

535 13542

012 55443

723 21211

007 35142

;

run;

data a16.a16_survey2_new;

set a16.a16_survey2;

array ques{5} Q1-Q5;

do over ques

ques=5-ques;

end;

run;

proc print data=a16.a16_survey2;

run;

Output

Chapter 13 - Problem 3;

*Data set NINES;

data a16.a16_nines;

   infile datalines missover;

   input x y z (Char1-Char3)(:$1.) a1-a5;

datalines;

1 2 3 a b c 99 88 77 66 55

2 999 999 d c e 999 7 999

10 20 999 b b b 999 999 999 33 44

;

proc print data=a16.a16_nines;

run;

Output

data a16.a16_nonines;

set a16.a16_nines;

array n{*} _numeric_;

do i=1 to dim(n);

if n{i}=999 then call missing(n{i});

end;

drop i;

run;

title "No Nines";

proc print data=a16.a16_nonines;

run;

Output

Chapter 13 - Problem 5;

data a16.a16_pass;

   infile datalines missover;

   input id test1-test5;

datalines;

001 90 88 92 95 90

002 64 64 77 72 71

003 68 69 80 75 70

004 88 77 66 77 67

;

run;

proc print data=a16.a16_pass;

run;

data a16.a16_test;

set a16.a16_pass;

array pass{5} test1-test5;

do i=1 to 5;

if pass{i}>65 ;

Output

Chapter 14 - Problem 1;

title "Blood and Subject";

proc print data=a16.a16_blood (obs=10)label;

label wbc="WHITE BLOOD CELL"

RBC="RED BLOOD CELL"

chol="CHOLESTROL";

id subject;

run;

Output

Chapter 14 - Question 2;

*Creating Data set SALES;

data a16.a16_sales;

   input    EmpID     :       $4. 

            Name      &      $15.

            Region    :       $5.

            Customer  &      $18.

            Date      : mmddyy10.

            Item      :       $8.

            Quantity  :        5.

            UnitCost  :  dollar9.;

   TotalSales = Quantity * UnitCost;

/*   format date mmddyy10. UnitCost TotalSales dollar9.;*/

   drop Date;

datalines;

1843 George Smith  North Barco Corporation  10/10/2006 144L 50 $8.99

1843 George Smith  South Cost Cutter's  10/11/2006 122 100 $5.99

1843 George Smith  North Minimart Inc.  10/11/2006 188S 3 $5,199

1843 George Smith  North Barco Corporation  10/15/2006 908X 1 $5,129

1843 George Smith  South Ely Corp.  10/15/2006 122L 10 $29.95

0177 Glenda Johnson  East Food Unlimited  9/1/2006 188X 100 $6.99

0177 Glenda Johnson  East Shop and Drop  9/2/2006 144L 100 $8.99

1843 George Smith  South Cost Cutter's  10/18/2006 855W 1 $9,109

9888 Sharon Lu  West Cost Cutter's  11/14/2006 122 50 $5.99

9888 Sharon Lu  West Pet's are Us  11/15/2006 100W 1000 $1.99

0017 Jason Nguyen  East Roger's Spirits  11/15/2006 122L 500 $39.99

0017 Jason Nguyen  South Spirited Spirits  12/22/2006 407XX 100 $19.95

0177 Glenda Johnson  North Minimart Inc.  12/21/2006 777 5 $10.500

0177 Glenda Johnson  East Barco Corporation  12/20/2006 733 2 $10,000

1843 George Smith  North Minimart Inc.  11/19/2006 188S 3 $5,199

;

title "Sales";

proc print data=a16.a16_sales;

by Region;

var region quantity TotalSales;

sum Quantity TotalSales;

run;

Output

Chapter 14 -Problem 3;

title"First 10 Observation";

title2 "admitted on september 2004";

title3 "older than 83 years";

proc print data=a16.a16_hosp n ="Number of Patients" label;

where year(admitdate) eq 2004 and 

month(admitdate) eq 9 and

yrdif(dob,admitdate,'actual')ge 83;

id subject;

label dob = "Date of Birth"

admitdate= "Admission date"

dischrdate="Discharge Date";

var dob admitdate dischrdate;

run;

Output

Chapter 15 - Problem 1;

proc report data=a16.a16_blood(obs=5) nowd headline;

column subject wbc rbc;

define wbc/display"White Blood Cell";

define rbc/ display "red blood cell";

run;

Output

Chapter 15 - Problem 2;

proc report data=a16.a16_blood headline nowd;

column gender wbc rbc;

define gender/ group;

define wbc/   analysis mean format=6.3 display"White Blood Cell" ;

define rbc/  analysis mean format=6.3 display "red blood cell" ;

break after gender/ ol summarize skip;

run;

quit;

proc print data=a16.a16_blood;

run;

Output

Chapter 15 - Problem 3;

proc report data=a16.a16_hosp headline;

column subject admitdate dob age;

define admitdate/ display "admission date";

define dob/ display "date of birth";

define age/computed;

compute age;

age=yrdif(dob,admitdate,"actual");

endcomp;

run;

Output